Vegetation types:
1.TROPICAL VEGETATION
-between 900m to 1100m elevation
-mainly dominating in SHIVALIK and Lesser Himalayan Range
-It Consist of –
-Mixed deciduous Tree’s.
-Moist deciduous Tree’s.
Example :- Sal,Khahir, kikar,phulai etc are common species.
2.SUB TROPICAL VEGETATION :-
– Mainly found on lower Himalayan
ranges elevation of 1100 -1800m
-It consists of-
-Sub tropical Pine forest
-Sub tropical dry evergreen
Examples- Sal, shisam and sarin are economically valuable trees of the lower elevation and chir-pine are common trees present.
3.MIDDLE TEMPRATE VEGETATION REGION(1400-3500m)-
-it is spatial spread in Chamba,Kangra, Mandi, whole Shimlaland kullu district.
It consists of-
A. Wet temperate forest –
-it is intermixed with chirpine and deodar mainly confined to wet mountain slopes of Dalhousie, Dharamshala, kangra and Palampur along with Dhauladhar mountain range.
B. Moist deodar and kail forest –
-it is valuable timber forest of
Shimla,kotgarh,Narkanda, Nahan, kullu-sreaj and Chamba and Churah
-Hazel-nut,maple, Chilgoza-pine ash etc are important tree.
-Ecologically and economically these tree forest are of great significance as they supply valuable timber.
4.ALPINE VEGETATION REGION-
– Spatial existence in northern and northeastern part of state. Alpine grasses and meadows are the main constituent of this natural biomes.
A. Sub alpine vegetation :-
-elevation 3500 to 4000m
-kharsu and birch are the main species of this sub group.
-Moist scrub forest are available above the limit of tree growth (i.e 4000m), they are consist of mostly evergreen trees
-The moist vegetation consist of shrubby component meadows with a variety of colourful flowers and herbs.
B. Dry alpine/alpine vegetation:-
-elevation above 4000m
– Found generallyh in kinnaur, Lahaul spiti and pangi area of state.
-The existence of alpin pastures and meadows are characteristiics feature of this forest type.
-The grass lands are frequently exploited for grazing by migratory herdsmen of sheep and goats in summers and snow during winters..